In this article leading Endocrinologist and Founder of the Queensland Specialist Weight Loss Centre, Dr Viral Chikani MBBS, FRACP, PhD (UQ) explains genetics and the role they play in determining body weight.
We’ve all encountered people who seem to eat whatever they want and never gain weight. On the other hand, there are those who, despite their best efforts with diet and exercise, continue to struggle with weight gain. For some, maintaining a healthy body weight requires little effort, while for others, it’s a lifelong challenge.
There is now a growing body of scientific evidence confirming the important role genetics plays in determining body weight. Studies estimate that 40 – 80% of an individual’s weight is influenced by genetic factors. In fact, researchers have identified over 500 gene variants associated with increased susceptibility to weight gain and obesity. Most individuals with overweight or obesity carry more than one of these genetic variations, making them biologically predisposed to gain weight more easily.
These genes affect how our bodies:
- Metabolise and store energy
- Regulate appetite and satiety
- Respond to signals of hunger and fullness
Some gene variants can lead to increased hunger, stronger cravings for high-calorie foods, and a reduced ability to feel full, resulting in overeating and weight gain over time.
Genes Meet the Environment
While genetics set the stage, our environment has changed dramatically over the last few decades. In the past 50 years, obesity rates have tripled globally. This is largely due to the rise of:
- Easy access to energy-dense, processed foods
- Sedentary lifestyles with reduced physical activity
- Busy schedules and high stress levels affecting eating behaviours
When individuals with a genetic predisposition are exposed to this “obesogenic” environment, weight gain often becomes inevitable. In Australia, 2 out of 3 adults now live with overweight or obesity, and childhood obesity is rising at an alarming rate.
Reducing Stigma and Supporting Change
Understanding the biological and environmental drivers of obesity is critical in addressing the stigma, blame, and discrimination that many people face. Obesity is not simply a matter of willpower — it is a complex, multifactorial chronic disease influenced by both genes and environment.
While we can’t change someone’s genetic makeup, we can empower individuals with tools and support to help them reach a healthier weight. This includes:
- Personalised lifestyle modifications
- Behavioural coaching and psychological support
- Structured nutrition guidance
- Physical activity strategies
- Medical therapies including breakthrough weight-loss medications
How QSWLC Can Help
At Queensland Specialist Weight Loss Centre (QSWLC), our experienced team — with over 40 years of combined expertise — is dedicated to helping individuals achieve their weight loss goals in a supportive and stigma-free environment. We use the latest evidence-based treatments, including highly effective medications, as tools to help implement and sustain healthy lifestyle changes, improve well-being, and enhance long-term health.
If you’re concerned about your metabolic health, contact our clinic on (07) 3544 6446 to book a comprehensive assessment. Together, we can help you reclaim your health and wellbeing.
About Dr Chikani
Dr Viral Chikani MBBS, FRACP, PhD (UQ) is one of Queensland’s leading Endocrinologist and Obesity Physician with a special interest in metabolic health, and weight management. He is also a senior lecturer at University of Queensland and active researcher in endocrinology and energy metabolism.
